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Naraka (Hinduism)
Naraka ((サンスクリット:नरक)) is the Hindu equivalent of Hell, where sinners are tormented after death.〔 〕 It is also the abode of Yama, the god of Death. It is described as located in the south of the universe and beneath the earth.
The number and names of hells, as well as the type of sinners sent to a particular hell, varies from text to text; however, many scriptures describe 28 hells.〔 After death, messengers of Yama called ''Yamadutas'' bring all beings to the court of Yama, where he weighs the virtues and the vices of the being and passes a judgement, sending the virtuous to Svarga (heaven) and the sinners to one of the hells. The stay in Svarga or Naraka is generally described as temporary. After the quantum of punishment is over, the souls are reborn as lower or higher beings as per their merits.〔 In a few texts, a hell is described as a bottomless pit of darkness where souls are trapped for eternity and deprived of rebirth.
==Location==
The ''Bhagavata Purana'' describes Naraka as beneath the earth: between the seven realms of the underworld (Patala) and the Garbhodaka Ocean, which is the bottom of the universe. It is located in the South of the universe. Pitrloka, where the dead ancestors (Pitrs) headed by Agniṣvāttā reside, is also located in this region. Yama, the Lord of Naraka, resides in this realm with his assistants.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bhagavata Purana 5.26 )〕 The ''Devi Bhagavata Purana'' mentions that Naraka is the southern part of universe, below the earth but above Patala.〔 The ''Vishnu Purana'' mentions that it is located below the cosmic waters at the bottom of the universe. The Hindu epics too agree that Naraka is located in the South, the direction which is governed by Yama and is often associated with Death. Pitrloka is considered as the capital of Yama, from where Yama delivers his justice.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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